Herbal supplements like turmeric, green tea extract, and ashwagandha are often marketed for their health benefits. However, recent research indicates that these and other popular botanicals may pose significant risks to liver health.
The Hidden Dangers of “Natural” Supplements
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that approximately 15.6 million U.S. adults have consumed at least one herbal supplement with potential liver toxicity in the past 30 days. The most commonly used were turmeric and green tea extract, followed by ashwagandha, Garcinia cambogia, red yeast rice, and black cohosh.
Despite their natural origins, these supplements can cause severe liver injuries, including acute hepatitis and, in rare cases, liver failure requiring transplantation. The lack of stringent regulation in the supplement industry means these products can be marketed without comprehensive human testing, increasing the risk to consumers.
Spotlight on Specific Supplements
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Turmeric (Curcumin): While known for its anti-inflammatory properties, excessive intake of turmeric supplements has been linked to liver damage. Between 2004 and 2022, ten cases of liver injury were associated with curcumin supplements.
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Green Tea Extract: Popular for weight loss and antioxidant benefits, green tea extract has been implicated in cases of acute hepatitis-like liver injury.
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Ashwagandha: Used for stress relief and immune support, ashwagandha has been associated with liver injury, especially when taken in large amounts or combined with other medications.
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Garcinia Cambogia: Marketed for weight loss, this supplement has been linked to liver toxicity, with some cases requiring liver transplantation.
Protecting Your Liver Health
Given these potential risks, it’s crucial to approach herbal supplements with caution:
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Consult Healthcare Providers: Before starting any new supplement, discuss it with your doctor, especially if you have existing health conditions or are taking other medications.
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Be Skeptical of “Natural” Claims: Remember that “natural” doesn’t always mean “safe.” Herbal supplements can interact with medications and may have side effects.
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Monitor for Symptoms: Be alert for signs of liver issues, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, or abdominal pain. If you experience these, seek medical attention promptly.
While herbal supplements can offer health benefits, it’s essential to use them responsibly and under the guidance of a healthcare professional to safeguard your liver health.